Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Page 47 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54 Page 55 Page 56 Page 57 Page 58 Page 59 Page 60 Page 61 Page 62 Page 63 Page 64 Page 65 Page 66 Page 67 Page 68 Page 69 Page 70 Page 71 Page 72 Page 73 Page 74 Page 75 Page 76 Page 77 Page 78 Page 79 Page 80 Page 81 Page 82 Page 83 Page 84 Page 85 Page 86 Page 87 Page 88 Page 89 Page 90 Page 91 Page 92 Page 93 Page 94 Page 95 Page 96 Page 97 Page 98 Page 99 Page 100 Page 101 Page 102 Page 103 Page 104 Page 105 Page 106 Page 107 Page 108 Page 109 Page 110 Page 111 Page 112 Page 113 Page 114 Page 115 Page 116 Page 117 Page 118 Page 119 Page 120 Page 121 Page 122 Page 123 Page 124 Page 125 Page 126 Page 127 Page 128 Page 129 Page 130 Page 131 Page 132 Page 133 Page 134 Page 135 Page 136 Page 137 Page 138 Page 139 Page 140 Page 141 Page 142 Page 143 Page 144 Page 145 Page 146 Page 147 Page 14850 51 Reducing pollution from vehicles for better Singapore air Air pollution is a big public health problem in most cities. According to the World Health Organization, it is the biggest environmental health risk and contributes significantly to heart and respiratory diseases. In recognition of this, Singapore has set itself the goal of reducing local emissions to meet air quality targets benchmarked against WHO standards by 2020. To realise this goal, NEA will tighten emission standards for new motorcycles over the next three years. From 1 January 2018, the emission standard for all new three-wheeled (Cat L5e) and large motorcycles (engine capacity of more than 200cc) will be raised to Euro IV standard, while the same standards will apply to smaller new motorcycles (engine capacity of 200cc and below) by 1 January 2020. This will cut emissions of hydrocarbons – which is a precursor to ozone. NEA will also be enforcing the tighter Euro VI emission standards for new petrol and diesel vehicles by 1 September 2017 and 1 January 2018 respectively. This will further cut emissions of hydrocarbons, nitrous oxides and particulate matter. Because fuel quality also affects the amount of pollutants in vehicular tailpipe emissions, NEA and the MEWR will jointly impose new regulations from 2017 on the composition of petrol and diesel. The new regulations will be benchmarked against the full Euro V specifications, and include other fuel parameters such as benzene in petrol and polyaromatics in diesel which are known to be carcinogenic. Collectively these moves will help Singapore to move towards the 2020 targets. Beyond these measures, NEA is also studying pollution emitted by diesel vehicles in Singapore. With the rising popularity of diesel vehicles worldwide, questions are being asked about their impact on the environment and human health. The study will help NEA to review policies and measures to further reduce local vehicular emissions. NEA ANNUAL REPORT 2015 / 2016 NEA ANNUAL REPORT 2015 / 2016 Haze pollution as defined under the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act (THPA) occurred for ten periods in September and October 2015. Six companies were identified to have fires within their concession lands in Indonesia that could have contributed to the transboundary haze. NEA sent Preventive Measures Notices under the THPA to these companies and two companies responded to these notices. NEA has also obtained a court warrant against the director of one of these companies after he failed to comply with a THPA Notice served on him when he was in Singapore. In addition, NEA served a THPA notice on a Singapore registered company to provide information to assist in NEA’s investigation. NEA tackled haze pollution at the source