Mosquito repellents are substances or chemicals that interfere with mosquitoes’ host-seeking ability. Using mosquito repellent safely and correctly can protect you from mosquito bites. Refer to the
Guidelines on the use of Mosquito Repellent for more information.
There are two types of mosquito repellents: topical repellents and spatial repellents. When using mosquito repellents, it is important to always follow the directions and safety precautions on the product labels.
Topical Repellents
Topical repellents are applied directly onto the skin or clothing; they provide a “barrier” against mosquitoes. For maximum protection, topical repellents should be applied to all exposed skin but avoid your eyes and mouth.
A wide variety of topical repellents are available in different formulations and concentrations. Studies have shown that repellent containing DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), picaridin or IR3535 are more effective and/or have longer mosquito-repelling effects than “natural” repellents that use plant-based extracts, such as citronella, eucalyptus and other essential oils. Products registered with NEA will bear a unique registration mark, comprising a unique registration number in the form of ‘SINNEA-X-XXX/XXX/XXXX’ and a registration logo.
Read the product labels and recommendation on protection time and choose the one that meet your needs. Important considerations that will affect the efficacy of topical repellents include sweat, contact of treated skin with water or rubbing of skin on clothing. Re-apply the repellent according to the manufacturer’s instructions on the product label.
General guidelines for the use of topical repellents safely:
- Always check the label and use the repellent according to manufacturer's instructions.
- Test repellent on a small area of skin first (e.g. inside of elbow), to ensure no allergic reactions.
- Do not over-apply, use just enough to cover exposed skin and clothing.
- If you need to use sunscreen, apply sunscreen first followed by repellent.
- Do not use expired products.
- Do not apply repellent on skin with cuts, wounds, or any skin irritation.
- Wash hands with soap immediately after each application.
- Dispense the product onto your hands before carefully applying onto your face, avoiding eyes and mouth.
Spatial Repellents
Spatial repellents emit chemicals, which repel mosquitoes, from devices that can be worn or used within a space near people. These devices include mosquito coils, heat-activated vaporisers/mats and emanators. The chemicals dispersed in the air generate a space that repel mosquitoes.
Spatial repellents that emit chemicals, such as metofluthrin, transfluthrin, prallethrin and D- or D-trans allethrin, have been shown to be effective in preventing mosquito bites. Nonetheless, the extent of effectiveness or protection depend on the application platform/device and environmental conditions (i.e. windy conditions, physical activities) that may disrupt the “protected space” of spatial repellents. It is important to always follow the directions and safety precautions on the product labels.
General guidelines for the use of spatial repellents safely:
- Always check the label and use the repellent according to manufacturer's instructions.
- Avoid direct skin contact with the product as it may cause skin irritation.
- Wash hands with soap immediately after being in contact with the device.
- Exercise caution to prevent potential fire and electrical hazards of some products such as mosquito coils and electric vaporizers. Products should not be left unattended when in use.
- Do not use expired products.
- Avoid inhalation of fumes at close range, discontinue use if allergic reactions or breathing difficulty occur.
- Do not used in enclosed areas. For indoor use, ensure room is properly ventilated.
- Store product safely out of reach of children.
- Keep away from food stuff and animal feed.
Read more on spatial repellents and its efficacy.